Foundation Crack Types in Montgomery, AL

Not all foundation cracks are created equal. The orientation, width, and location of a crack tell

you whether it is cosmetic or structural. Homeowners in Montgomery, Alabama encounter

several distinct foundation crack types, each requiring a different response.

Vertical Cracks

Vertical cracks run straight up and down or with a very slight tilt. They are the most common

type and usually the least concerning. Vertical cracks often result from concrete shrinkage

during curing (in new foundations) or minor, uniform settlement. A vertical crack less than 1/4

inch wide can typically be sealed with epoxy or polyurethane and monitored. However, multiple

vertical cracks spaced evenly along a wall may indicate a more serious problem with the

footing. Montgomery Foundation Repair Co inspects vertical cracks to ensure they are not

widening over time.

Diagonal Cracks

Diagonal cracks run at an angle, typically 30 to 75 degrees from horizontal. These cracks

almost always indicate differential settlement—one corner of the foundation has sunk more

than another, causing shear stress in the wall. Diagonal cracks wider than 1/4 inch, especially

those that extend from a window or door corner, are structural and usually require

underpinning. The direction of the diagonal tells you which side has settled: cracks that are

higher on one side of the opening indicate settlement on that side. Montgomery Foundation

Repair Co uses diagonal crack patterns to diagnose settlement patterns.

Horizontal Cracks

Horizontal cracks are the most dangerous type. They run parallel to the ground, typically in

block foundation walls, and indicate excessive lateral (sideways) pressure from saturated soil

outside. Horizontal cracks signal that the wall is bowing inward and could collapse. Even a

hairline horizontal crack requires immediate professional evaluation. Repair usually involves

carbon fiber straps, steel I‑beams, or wall anchors. Do not ignore horizontal cracks—they

worsen quickly during heavy rain. Montgomery Foundation Repair Co offers emergency

inspections for horizontal cracking.

Stair‑Step Cracks

Stair‑step cracks are found in brick or block masonry foundations, following the mortar joints

up and over like stairs. These cracks are almost always caused by settlement. The pattern

occurs because the mortar joints are weaker than the brick or block. A stair‑step crack that is

tight (less than 1/8 inch) and stable may be monitored. But if you can insert a coin into the

crack, or if the crack has visible displacement (one side higher than the other), foundation

underpinning is needed. Montgomery Foundation Repair Co can install helical piers to stop

further movement and then tuckpoint the bricks.

Frequently Asked Questions